Tarihin ci gaban manipulator

Manipula na'urar sarrafawa ce ta atomatik wadda za ta iya kwaikwayon wasu ayyukan hannu da hannu don kamawa, ɗaukar abubuwa ko sarrafa kayan aiki bisa ga ƙa'idodi. Manipula ita ce robot ta masana'antu ta farko, amma kuma robot ta zamani ta farko, tana iya maye gurbin aikin mutane masu nauyi don cimma injina da sarrafa kansa, tana iya aiki a cikin yanayi mai cutarwa don kare lafiyar mutum, kuma ana amfani da ita sosai a masana'antar injuna, ƙarfe, lantarki, masana'antar haske da makamashin atomic da sauran sassan.

An ƙera shi ne bisa ga tsoffin robots da suka bayyana a farkon zamanin, binciken robot ya fara ne a tsakiyar ƙarni na 20, tare da haɓaka fasahar kwamfuta da sarrafa kansa, musamman tun bayan zuwan kwamfutar lantarki ta dijital ta farko a 1946, kwamfutoci sun sami ci gaba mai ban mamaki zuwa ga babban gudu, babban iko da ƙarancin farashi. A lokaci guda, buƙatar gaggawa ta samar da kayayyaki ya haɓaka ci gaban fasahar sarrafa kansa, wanda ya kafa harsashin haɓaka robots.

A gefe guda kuma, binciken fasahar makamashin nukiliya yana buƙatar wasu injina masu aiki don sarrafa kayan rediyoaktif maimakon mutane. Dangane da wannan buƙatar, Amurka ta ƙirƙiro na'urar sarrafawa daga nesa a shekarar 1947, da kuma na'urar sarrafawa ta injiniya a shekarar 1948. An fara ƙirƙiro na'urar sarrafawa a Amurka. A shekarar 1954, Amurka Devor ta fara gabatar da manufar robots na masana'antu kuma ta nemi haƙƙin mallaka. Babban maƙasudin haƙƙin mallaka shine a sarrafa haɗin gwiwar robot ɗin tare da taimakon fasahar servo, a yi amfani da hannun ɗan adam don koyar da robot, kuma robot ɗin zai iya cimma rikodin da sake kwafi na aikin.

Ana kiran wannan robot koyarwa da wakilci. Kusan dukkan robot da ake da su a yanzu suna amfani da wannan hanyar sarrafawa. A shekarar 1958, Kamfanin Kula da Amurka ya ƙirƙiro robot na farko mai kama da robot. Samfuran farko masu amfani a matsayin samfuran robot sune "VERSTRAN" da AMF ta ƙaddamar da kuma "UNIMATE" da UNIMATION ta ƙaddamar a shekarar 1962. Waɗannan robot na masana'antu galibi sun ƙunshi hannuwa da hannaye irin na ɗan adam, waɗanda za su iya maye gurbin aikin da mutane ke yi don cimma injina da sarrafa kansa na samarwa, kuma suna iya aiki a cikin yanayi mai cutarwa don kare lafiyar mutum, don haka ana amfani da shi sosai a masana'antar injina, masana'antar ƙarfe, kayan lantarki, masana'antar haske da makamashin atomic da sauran sassan.